Quitting alcohol may improve mental well-being, health-related quality of life, suggests a new study, which found men and women who were lifetime abstainers had the highest level of mental well-being, and women who were moderate drinkers and quit, linked to a favourable change in mental well-being.

submitted by /u/mvea [link] [comments]

U.S. Companies Continue to Pay More in Healthcare as the Cost of Drugs Keeps Rising

submitted by /u/thinkB4WeSpeak [link] [comments]

A quick trip to the park ended in the intensive care unit for a Kentucky toddler, who contracted a rare disease from a tick bite.

submitted by /u/PhatimaSheikh [link] [comments]

Premature deaths from cancer in one year led to loss of 8.7 million years of life and $94 billion of future earnings, suggests a new US study of people who died from cancer in 2015. The highest lost earnings were from: lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer in women and pancreatic cancer.

submitted by /u/mvea [link] [comments]

What Determines Your Success?

Throughout life we are faced with many tasks in which we either experience failure or success. Some of these tasks are profession-oriented such as completing our education or building a stable career. Others are more personal in nature, like finding a compatible romantic companion or achieving health and fitness goals.

How you define success in these areas has a lot to do with what your beliefs are about what determines your success. 

Consider this scenario: You and another colleague are being considered for a promotion. Your educational background is very similar. Your performance at work is comparable. In many ways, you stand on equal footing for this evaluation. But for some reason, you are awarded the job. 

Congratulations! To what do you attribute this success? Was it your extra effort and hard work? Or was it just good timing that made you the lucky candidate, standing out above the competition?

When it comes to determining what controls our success, we typically fall into one of two types:

• If you believe in phenomenon such as fate or luck, or attribute much of your well-being to your circumstances and surroundings, you might fall into the category of having an external locus of control. 
• If you believe that your success is driven from what you alone can achieve and that ultimately you are the one responsible for those achievements, you might have an internal locus of control. 

The word locus, in this case, means a particular point, place, or position from which your perception of control is derived. There can be advantages and disadvantages to having either an internal or external locus of control. For those with an external locus of control, it can sometimes feel like very little is within your control, you are at the mercy of what happens to you, or others around you. But having an internal locus of control can sometimes make us too hard on ourselves, taking responsibility for events we perceive as a personal failure, when the reality may be it’s just out of our control entirely. 

Your locus of control can also affect motivation. If I believe that some external factor determines my success, I may not be as motivated to put into action something I care about. On the other hand, if I believe I am solely responsible for my work, I may be more creative and determined in my efforts. As with anything, balancing the two ends of the spectrum is ideal. Considering where I fall in the realm of each has helped me move the scale to a realistic place, resisting extremes of blaming myself or feeling out of control, into a more neutral zone, acknowledging that both play a role in my overall success. 

Where does the locus of control originate? Research suggests there may be some amount of genetics involved in shaping this source of motivation, but there is also a strong connection to the experiences of early childhood development. What you may have been exposed to in how your parents viewed their own limitations and power in controlling life likely influenced your development of your own sense of what you are capable of and what determines your success or failure. Cultural exposure can also play a role. If mythology and spirituality is a focus of your culture and upbringing, it is understandable you may be more inclined to give weight to external points of control. 

It used to be a running joke between my sister and I that when one negative circumstance after another seemed to be snowballing around us, as those things sometimes do, we would laugh and remind ourselves of this encouragement, “Good thing I have an internal locus of control!” Meaning, we are capable of moving forward despite external factors. It was a funny way to lighten the tension, but the sentiment rings true. 

It can be empowering to take control of your own life and take action toward goals you want to materialize and acknowledge that you do not have to be a victim of your circumstances, you are not at the mercy of the cards you are dealt. The first step is knowing where you fall on this spectrum between internal and external control and moving toward a balanced view of both.

In his 1946 book Man’s Search For Meaning Holocaust survivor, Viktor Frankl wrote, “Everything can be taken from a man but one thing: the last of the human freedoms — to choose one’s attitude in any given set of circumstances, to choose one’s own way.”

I think he would know something about the importance of an internal locus of control. That even in the worst of circumstances, with all the odds against us, we still hold the inherent power of interpreting the meaning of our lives and how we choose to move forward.

Is Past Trauma Affecting Your Relationship?

How early parent-child relationships affect adult romantic relationships.

Our early experiences with those closest to us shape how we understand the nature of relationships. During these early years, we develop our attachment style. Attachment style influences who we fall in love with, how we behave in romantic relationships, and even how the relationship ends. 

As we grow, the level of security that feel in our most important relationships, the tactics that we develop to get our needs met, and the coping strategies that we apply to manage our strongest feelings all strongly affect the attachment style that we develop.¹

Secure vs Insecure Attachment Styles

If our parents or main caregivers responded to our needs in predictable and supportive ways while we were growing up, we were likely to develop a secure attachment style.² Secure attachment is the result of our understanding that we were worthy of love and we can depend on those around us for support. 

In contrast, if we had unpredictable, emotionally unavailable, or even hostile caregivers, we were likely to develop an insecure attachment style. 

Insecure-anxious or Insecure-avoidant

Those with an insecure attachment style usually fall into one of two categories: insecure-anxious or insecure-avoidant. 

Individuals with an insecure-anxious attachment style tend to need constant reassurance from their partners. They fear abandonment and can have difficulties trusting that they are loved and worthy of love. Insecure-anxious people have difficulty managing their emotions on their own. They feel emotions intensely. When upset, upset they need help from others in order to feel better.

Those with an insecure-avoidant attachment style use the opposite kind of behavior as a coping strategy in relationships. Avoidant individuals suppress their emotions and seek distance. Contrary to what it looks like, the avoidant seeks distance in order to maintain connection in their relationship. Many avoidant individuals have learned that being vulnerable and seeking closeness will drive people away. They may also become uncomfortable when others get too emotionally close as it is not something they are used to. This can, for obvious reasons, cause difficulties in romantic relationships. 

The underlying rationale for the behavior of both insecure-anxious and insecure-avoidant is the same, to maintain closeness in the relationship, but the expression in behavior is different.

The Influence of Past Trauma on Attachment Style

From an evolutionary standpoint, developing a relationship with the primary caregiver is the most essential task. A child needs this relationship for survival.

During childhood we are especially hardwired for connection and closeness. Beyond the need for food and material sustenance, infants and children are just not biologically mature enough to cope with strong emotions such as fear and deep sadness that come from a lack of support and connection with an adult. As a result, children need the adults in our lives to do more than just take care of physical needs. As babies, toddlers, children, and adolescents we need adults to provide emotional support and comfort when we are afraid or upset.³

In the case of abusive or neglectful caregivers, the child is faced with an unresolvable dilemma that stems from the fact that the caregiver is both a source of comfort and fear. As the child grows into adulthood, they have difficulty trusting in relationships. Moreover, adults with a history of trauma often seek out partners who feel familiar. As a result, many of these adult relationships are unhealthy and possibly abusive. 

Can your attachment style change?

If you know your attachment style is insecure, or if you seem to be attracted to abusive or unavailable partners, you can take steps to change. Attachment styles are not permanent and can be altered depending on your ongoing experience with relationships. 

Working with a therapist can help you build the skills to manage your own emotions. A therapist can help you develop healthy coping strategies based on your own strengths. When you have security within yourself, you are then able to develop security in your relationships. The good news is that it all starts with you. 

You can develop the changes within yourself to bring about your own wellbeing. This is an empowered approach and allows you to take control of how you feel rather than being dependent on those who may or may not show up when you need them. When you develop your own strength and security you can also develop secure and healthy relationships. 

References

1. Feeney, J. A., & Noller, P. (1990). Attachment style as a predictor of adult romantic relationships. Journal of personality and Social Psychology, 58(2), 281.
2. Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. N. (2015). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Psychology Press.
3. Purnell, C. (2010). Childhood trauma and adult attachment. Healthcare Counselling and Psychotherapy Journal, 10(2), 1-7.

Summer Ratatouille

As we head into midsummer, we’re already enjoying the first early harvests. This summer ratatouille is the perfect choice for showcasing and enjoying the very best of the summer season’s produce.

Whether you’re serving it as a savory vegan and vegetarian main course or as a generous side dish for some backyard barbecue, this dish is sure to impress all your guests.

Servings: 4

Prep Time: 30 minutes

Cooking Time: 80 minutes

Notes: The ingredients are broken down by type of vegetable for easy arranging later on, but you can cut down on bowls and prep by combining the zucchini and squash/bell pepper ingredients together. Allowing the eggplant to marinate separately ensures the slices stay moist and flavorful while cooking. You can also experiment with different herbs and herb blends with this dish, including basil, rosemary, herbs de provence, etc. Your options are endless! The vegetables are arranged in an oven-safe dish and covered with aluminum foil prior to baking. If you’d like to avoid foil, make this dish in a lightly greased dutch oven and cover it with a lid instead.

Ingredients:

Eggplant mix:

• 2 cups sliced eggplant
• 1 1/2 Tbsp. Primal Kitchen® Balsamic Vinaigrette and Marinade
• 1 1/2 Tbsp. Primal Kitchen Extra Virgin Avocado Oil
• 1 Tbsp. olive oil
• 1 tsp. chopped thyme
• 1 clove garlic, chopped
• Pinch of salt

Zucchini mix:

• 2.5 cups sliced zucchini
• 1 Tbsp. Primal Kitchen Extra Virgin Avocado Oil
• 1 Tbsp. chopped parsley
• 1 tsp. chopped thyme
• 1 clove garlic, chopped
• Pinch of salt and pepper

Squash mix:

• 1 1/2 cups sliced yellow squash
• ½ cup sliced and halved red bell pepper
• 1 Tbsp. olive oil
• 1 Tbsp. chopped parsley
• 1 clove garlic, minced

Tomato and shallot mix:

• 3/4 cup sliced shallots
• 3/4 cup halved cherry tomatoes
• 1 1/2 Tbsp. Primal Kitchen Balsamic Vinaigrette and Marinade
• 1 tsp. basil
• 1 tsp. chopped thyme
• 1 clove garlic, minced
• Pinch of salt

Garnish: parsley and thyme

Instructions:

Combine the eggplant ingredients in a bowl and toss until all of the slices are well coated. Set aside and marinate for 30 minutes.

Combine the shallot ingredients in another bowl and allow the tomatoes and shallots to marinate for 30 minutes.

Toss the sliced zucchini ingredients in a bowl.

Toss the squash and pepper ingredients in another bowl.

Preheat your oven to 350 ºF. Grease a square or round baking dish or small dutch oven with a little olive or avocado oil.

Carefully arrange the eggplant, zucchini, and squash rounds and red pepper slices in an alternating pattern around the dish, being sure to arrange them so the rounds are perpendicular to the bottom of the dish. Continue arranging the slices; you can work from the inside out or the outside in depending on what’s easiest to you. Continue until the dish is either very full or you run out of vegetables. If you have some slices left over, you can push some slices aside to make room for the remaining slices.

Top the dish with the shallot and tomato mixture, drizzling all of the liquid from the bowl around the dish. Tightly cover the dish with foil or pop the lid on if you are using a dutch oven. Place the ratatouille in the oven for 45-50 minutes.

Remove the foil/lid to check to see if the vegetables are just tender. If the vegetables aren’t tender, you can place the dish back in the oven for another 15-20 minutes. Uncover the dish and place it back in the oven for an additional 20 minutes. Sprinkle with salt and pepper and garnish with extra thyme and parsley.

Nutrition Information (¼ of ratatouille):

• Calories: 242
• Total Carbs: 12 grams
• Net Carbs: 8 grams
• Fat: 22 grams
• Protein: 3 grams

The post Summer Ratatouille appeared first on Mark's Daily Apple.